Bermuda, the small island nation with huge crypto ambitions

Craig Swan’s eyes light up, and his smile widens when he speaks of Bermuda's ambitions to become the world’s first economy to go fully onchain, a move he is certain will create amazing new opportunities for the country's citizens.

In an interview with CoinDesk in London, Swan, the CEO of Bermuda’s Money Authority (BMA), spoke of his tiny island nation’s huge plans.

“We carried out a huge event in Bermuda to educate our citizens on how to set up their crypto wallet, and we airdropped $100 in Circle’s stablecoin USDC, and showed them how to use it for purchases, transfer or send it to friends and family or convert it and even offramp it into fiat if they chose to,” Swan said.

The experiment was designed to onboard local vendors and the public simultaneously, Swan added. Attendees were able to immediately test the ecosystem at an on-site marketplace, using their newly minted stablecoins to purchase goods, while payment processors like MoneyGram provided immediate conversion back into paper currency.

Driving demand at the DMV

While the pop-up marketplace served as a sandbox, the BMA and the government of Bermuda are already scaling the infrastructure to prepare it for the blockchain. The island nation has amended its legislation to officially accept digital assets for public taxes, starting with its highest-volume public sector.

“We are starting at a high-volume area," Swan explained. "Starting with the Department of Motor Vehicles, because most people have a car or licenses. We are going to cast that across the government itself."

The financial migration represents the real-world execution of a roadmap first unveiled at the World Economic Forum in Davos, where the Bermudan government announced a partnership with Circle and Coinbase to build out the infrastructure for the world's first fully onchain economy. Circle deployed its Circle Mint infrastructure to power the government’s digital treasury accounts, while Coinbase pledged its engineering rails to streamline institutional and consumer onboarding.

Bermuda also recently announced a third major partnership. This time with Stellar for the upcoming rollout of its official Bermuda digital dollar, a sovereign-grade stablecoin. Rather than compete with the traditional financial sector, Swan said he expects the onchain rails to coexist with legacy banks, which will continue to hold the fiat reserves backing the digital tokens and provide localized custody.

"The reliance on legacy payments infrastructure has left Bermudians paying high fees and hindered additional economic growth," following the Stellar announcement. By leveraging blockchain rails, Bermuda is attempting to bypass the expensive intermediary banking loops that chew up thin merchant margins, keeping capital circulating natively on-island.